Principal components:
car(cab), cables, elevator machine, control equipment, counterweights, hoistway, rails, penthouse and pit.
counterweight = equals the weight of the empty cab plus 40% of the live load. provides traction at sheave for car lifting.
reduces size of the traction machine, reduces power demand and energy cost. overhead machine room floor must be reinforced to carry heavier load.
75% of energy is returned when car is lowered as the motor becomes a generator and feeds back into the elec. ysstem.
Cable compensation rope = is attached to the bottom of the car and the counterweight as a counterbalance for the hoist rope.
Machine turns the sheave and lifts or lowers the car.
Heavy structural frame on which mounted sheave, driving motor, gears(if any), brakes, magnetic safety brake, etc.
traction motor receives power from a secondary motor-generator, it can be located away from the machine motor.
Solid-state power and control equip. has replaced the motor-gen.
Control equipment groups:
Drive (motion) control = velocity, acceleration, position determination, and leveling of car
Operating control = car door operation, functioning of car signals, floor call buttons and indicating devices
Supervisory control = group operation of multiple car installations
Shaft / Hoistway
the vert. passageway for the car and counterweights.
Car guide rails are mounted on the sides
Car and counterweight buffers at the bottom in the pit.
structural platform for elev. machine as at top of the shaft.
Elev. machine room
usually above the hoistway (sometimes two levels high)
houses the control that supplies energy to the drive motor,
the drive motor(elev. machine)
and control equip.
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